What does successful psychotherapy look like through the eyes of clients?
Success in psychotherapy is often assessed as the relief of symptoms such as anxiety or depression. However, our qualitative meta-analysis of 177 studies shows that symptom relief accounts for only a fraction of the changes that clients describe after psychotherapy. Beyond symptom relief, clients talk about a deeper self-understanding, improved relationships with others, or a greater ability to actively influence their lives. These reports, based on the testimonies of 2908 clients, suggest that psychotherapy is not just a treatment of psychopathology, but also a process that promotes fundamental transformations in the perception of self, others and the world around us, and the ability to lead a fulfilling and meaningful life. These findings highlight the need for more comprehensive approaches to assessing psychotherapy outcomes that capture the overall quality of life and the unique meaning of therapeutic change for each client beyond symptom relief.